The correct answer is option 3.

Solution

Concept:

• Endocrine glands are ductless glands in body. They produce hormones.
• Hormones act as chemical messengers and control physiological function of target organ.
• Over secretion/under secretion of hormones can lead to disease condition.

Explanation:

Let us look at some of diseases associated with improper secretion of hormones:

So, correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information:

• Diabetes insipidus:
  • Under secretion of anti-diuretic hormone causes excessive loss of water in form of urine.
  • It causes frequent urination and eventually dehydration.

The correct answer is adrenaline.

Key Points

• Blood pressure may be referred to as pressure exerted by blood on arteries and veins.
• Adrenaline hormone is administered to a person suffering from a marked fall in blood pressure.
• It is an emergency hormone secreted by adrenal medulla.

Explanation:

• The adrenal medullary hormones, namely adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine), have same effect as sympatic stimulation.
• Adrenaline increases rate of heart beat and promotes cardiac output, thus increasing blood pressure.
• It also increases strength of heart contraction, rate of respiration, and metabolic rate.

Hence, correct option is (2) Adrenaline.

Additional Information

• Insulin-
  • It is a peptide hormone secreted by β-cells of Islets of Langerhans of pancreas.
  • Insulin plays significant role in regulation of glucose homeostasis.
• Thyroxine-
  • Thyroxine (T₄) is secreted by thyroid gland.
  • It regulates basal metabolic rate, controls metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
• Vasopressin-
  • It is synsized by hypothalamus and released by posterior pituitary or neurohypophysis.
  • It mainly acts at kidney and stimulates reabsorption of water and electrolytes by DCT.
  • Vasopressin is also called as anti-diuretic hormone.