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Strings-in-C-programming-

1. Write a C program to count occurrences of a word in a given string. 

/**
 * C program to count occurrences of a word in a given string
 */
#include 
#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum string size

/* Function declaration */
int countOccurrences(char * str, char * toSearch);


int main()
{
    char str[MAX_SIZE];
    char toSearch[MAX_SIZE];
    int count;

    /* Input string and word from user */
    printf("Enter any string: ");
    gets(str);
    printf("Enter word to search occurrences: ");
    gets(toSearch);

    count = countOccurrences(str, toSearch);

    printf("Total occurrences of '%s': %d", toSearch, count);

    return 0;
}


/**
 * Get, total number of occurrences of a word in a string
 */
int countOccurrences(char * str, char * toSearch)
{
    int i, j, found, count;
    int stringLen, searchLen;

    stringLen = strlen(str);      // length of string
    searchLen = strlen(toSearch); // length of word to be searched

    count = 0;

    for(i=0; i <= stringLen-searchLen; i++)
    {
        /* Match word with string */
        found = 1;
        for(j=0; jShow More

2. Write a C program to find total number of vowels and consonants in a string.

Without using pointers:

/**
 * C program to count total number of vowel or consonant in a string using switch case
 */

#include 
#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum string size

int main()
{
    char str[MAX_SIZE]; 
    int i, len, vowel, consonant;

    /* Input strings from user */
    printf("Enter any string: ");
    gets(str);


    vowel = 0;
    consonant = 0;
    len = strlen(str);

    for(i=0; i='a' && str[i]<='z') || (str[i]>='A' && str[i]<='Z'))
        {
            switch(str[i])
            {
                case 'a':
                case 'e':
                case 'i':
                case 'o':
                case 'u':
                case 'A':
                case 'E':
                case 'I':
                case 'O':
                case 'U':
                    vowel++;
                    break;
                default:
                    consonant++;
            }
        }
    }

    printf("Total number of vowel = %d\n", vowel);
    printf("Total number of consonant = %d\n", consonant);

    return 0;
}
Using Pointers:

/**
 * C program to count total number of vowel or consonant in a string using pointers
 */

#include 
#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum string size

int main()
{
    char str[MAX_SIZE]; 
    char * s = str;
    int vowel, consonant;

    /* Input strings from user */
    printf("Enter any string: ");
    gets(str);

    vowel = 0;
    consonant = 0;

    while(*s)
    {
        if((*s >= 'a' && *s <= 'z') || (*s >= 'A' && *s <='Z'))
        {
            switch(*s)
            {
                case 'a':
                case 'e':
                case 'i':
                case 'o':
                case 'u':
                case 'A':
                case 'E':
                case 'I':
                case 'O':
                case 'U':
                    vowel++;
                    break;
                default:
                    consonant++;
            }
        }
        s++;
    }

    printf("Total number of vowel = %d\n", vowel);
    printf("Total number of consonant = %d\n", consonant);

    return 0;
}
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3. Write a C program to find maximum occurring character in a string. 

/**
 * C program to find maximum occurring character in a string
 */

#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100  // Maximum string size
#define MAX_CHARS 255 // Maximum characters allowed


int main()
{
    char str[MAX_SIZE];
    int freq[MAX_CHARS]; // Store frequency of each character
    int i = 0, max;
    int ascii;

    printf("Enter any string: ");
    gets(str);

    /* Initializes frequency of all characters to 0 */
    for(i=0; i freq[max])
            max = i;
    }


    printf("Maximum occurring character is '%c' = %d times.", max, freq[max]);

    return 0;
}
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4. Write a C program to find length of a string.

Write a C program to find length of a string.

Without using pointer:
#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum size of the string

int main()
{
    char text[MAX_SIZE]; /* Declares a string of size 100 */
    int i;
    int count= 0;

    /* Input a string from user */
    printf("Enter any string: ");
    gets(text);

    /* Iterate till the last character of string */
    for(i=0; text[i]!='\0'; i++)
    {
        count++;
    }

    printf("Length of '%s' = %d", text, count);

    return 0;
}

Using pointer:
/**
 * C program to find length of a string using pointer
 */

#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum size of the string

int main()
{
    char text[MAX_SIZE]; /* Declares a string of size 100 */
    char * str = text; /* Declare pointer that points to text */
    int count = 0;

    /* Input string from user */
    printf("Enter any string: ");
    gets(text);

    /* Iterate though last element of the string */
    while(*(str++) != '\0') count++;

    printf("Length of '%s' = %d", text, count);

    return 0;
}
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5. Write a C program to compare two strings

Without using pointer:

/**
 * C program to compare two string without using string library functions
 */

#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum string size

/* Compare function declaration */
int compare(char * str1, char * str2);


int main()
{
    char str1[MAX_SIZE], str2[MAX_SIZE];
    int res;

    /* Input two strings from user */
    printf("Enter first string: ");
    gets(str1);
    printf("Enter second string: ");
    gets(str2);


    /* Call the compare function to compare strings */
    res = compare(str1, str2);

    if(res == 0)
    {
        printf("Both strings are equal.");
    }
    else if(res < 0)
    {
        printf("First string is lexicographically smaller than second.");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("First string is lexicographically greater than second.");
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * Compares two strings lexicographically. 
 * Returns 0 if both strings are equal, 
 *         negative if first string is smaller
 *         otherwise returns a positive value
 */
int compare(char * str1, char * str2)
{
    int i = 0;

    /* Iterate till both strings are equal */
    while(str1[i] == str2[i])
    {
        if(str1[i] == '\0' && str2[i] == '\0')
            break;

        i++;
    }

    // Return the difference of current characters.
    return str1[i] - str2[i];
}
Using Pointers:
/**
 * C program to compare two string without using string library functions
 */

#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum string size

/* Compare function declaration */
int compare(char * str1, char * str2);


int main()
{
    char str1[MAX_SIZE], str2[MAX_SIZE];
    int res;

    /* Input two strings from user */
    printf("Enter first string: ");
    gets(str1);
    printf("Enter second string: ");
    gets(str2);


    /* Call the compare function to compare strings */
    res = compare(str1, str2);

    if(res == 0)
    {
        printf("Both strings are equal.");
    }
    else if(res < 0)
    {
        printf("First string is lexicographically smaller than second.");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("First string is lexicographically greater than second.");
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * Compares two strings lexicographically. 
 */
int compare(char * str1, char * str2)
{
    while((*str1 && *str2) && (*str1 == *str2)) { str1++; str2++; }

    return *str1 - *str2;
}
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6. Write a program in C to find largest and smallest word in a string. 

#include 
#include 
#include 

void main()
{
    char str[100], word[20], mx[20], mn[20], c;
    int i = 0, j = 0, flg = 0;
	
       printf("\n\nFind the largest and  smallest word in a string :\n");
       		
 
	printf("Input the string : ");
    i = 0;
    do
    {
        fflush(stdin);
        c = getchar();
        str[i++] = c;
 
    } while (c != '\n');
    str[i - 1] = '\0';
    for (i = 0; i < strlen(str); i++)
    {
        while (i < strlen(str) && !isspace(str[i]) && isalnum(str[i]))
        {
            word[j++] = str[i++];
        }
        if (j != 0)
        {
            word[j] = '\0';
            if (!flg)
            {
                flg = !flg;
                strcpy(mx, word);
                strcpy(mn, word);
            }
            if (strlen(word) > strlen(mx))
            {
                strcpy(mx, word);
            }
            if (strlen(word) < strlen(mn))
            {
                strcpy(mn, word);
            }
            j = 0;
        }
    }
    printf("The largest word is '%s' \nand the smallest word is '%s' \nin the string : '%s'.\n", mx, mn, str);
 }

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7. Write a C program to copy one string to anor string.

Without using pointer:

/**
 * C program to copy one string to another string using while loop
 */

#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum size of the string

int main()
{
    char text1[MAX_SIZE];
    char text2[MAX_SIZE];
    int i;
    
    /* Input string from user */
    printf("Enter any string: ");
    gets(text1);
    
    /* Copy text1 to text2 character by character */
    i=0;
    while(text1[i] != '\0')
    {
        text2[i] = text1[i];
        i++;
    }

    //Makes sure that the string is NULL terminated
    text2[i] = '\0';

    printf("First string = %s\n", text1);
    printf("Second string = %s\n", text2);
    printf("Total characters copied = %d\n", i);

    return 0;
}
Using pointer:
/**
 * C program to copy one string to another string using pointer
 */

#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum size of the string

int main()
{
    char text1[MAX_SIZE], text2[MAX_SIZE];
    char * str1 = text1;
    char * str2 = text2; 
    
    /* Input string from user */
    printf("Enter any string: ");
    gets(text1);
    
    /* Copy text1 to text2 character by character */
    while(*(str2++) = *(str1++));

    printf("First string = %s\n", text1);
    printf("Second string = %s\n", text2);

    return 0;
}
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8. Write a C program to concatenate two strings.

Write a C program to concatenate two strings.

Without using Pointer:
/**
 * C program to concatenate two strings 
 */

#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum string size

int main()
{
    char str1[MAX_SIZE], str2[MAX_SIZE];
    int i, j;


    /* Input two strings from user */
    printf("Enter first string: ");
    gets(str1);
    printf("Enter second string: ");
    gets(str2);


    /* Move till the end of str1 */
    i=0;
    while(str1[i] != '\0')
    {
        i++;
    }

    /* Copy str2 to str1 */
    j = 0;
    while(str2[j] != '\0')
    {
        str1[i] = str2[j];
        i++;
        j++;
    }

    // Make sure that str1 is NULL terminated
    str1[i] = '\0';

    printf("Concatenated string = %s", str1);

    return 0;
}
Using Pointer:
/**
 * C program to concatenate two strings using pointer
 */

#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum string size

int main()
{
    char str1[MAX_SIZE], str2[MAX_SIZE];
    char * s1 = str1;
    char * s2 = str2;

    /* Input two strings from user */
    printf("Enter first string: ");
    gets(str1);
    printf("Enter second string: ");
    gets(str2);

    /* Move till the end of str1 */
    while(*(++s1));

    /* Copy str2 to str1 */
    while(*(s1++) = *(s2++));

    printf("Concatenated string = %s", str1);

    return 0;
}
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9. Write a C program to search all occurrences of a character in a string. 

/**
 * C program to search all occurrences of a character in a string
 */

#include 
#define MAX_SIZE 100 // Maximum string size 

int main()
{
    char str[MAX_SIZE];
    char toSearch;
    int i;

    /* Input string and character to search from user */
    printf("Enter any string: ");
    gets(str);
    printf("Enter any character to search: ");
    toSearch = getchar();

    /* Run loop till the last character of string */
    i=0;
    while(str[i]!='\0')
    {
        /* If character is found in string */
        if(str[i] == toSearch)
        {
            printf("'%c' is found at index %d\n", toSearch, i);
        }

        i++;
    }

    return 0;
}
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Topics

This Chapter Strings-in-C-programming- consists of the following topics

programms on Strings

complete IOE solution on Strings

Detailed description

c program using pointer Concepts

learning c by examples

c programming pulchowk notes

Write a C program to count occurrences of a word in a given string.

;

Write a C program to find total number of vowels and consonants in a string.

;

Write a C program to find maximum occurring character in a string.

;

Write a C program to find length of a string.

;

Write a C program to compare two strings

;

Write a program in C to find largest and smallest word in a string.

;

Write a C program to copy one string to anor string.

;

Write a C program to concatenate two strings.

;

Write a C program to search all occurrences of a character in a string.

;