Sometimes due to biotic/abiotic factor the climax remain in a particular seral stage (pre climax) without reaching clima…

Imagine a barren land where once existed a forest. Due to deforestation and fire in that forest, all the species got ext…

Standing state of the ecosystem is</h2></div>

During photosynthesis, the gross primary productivity is the rate of production of </h2></div>

Which one has always an upright/ steeper vertical gradient?<span><br> </span></h2></div>

Highest value in g C m<span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden=&qu…

Phosphorus has<span><br> </span></h2></div>

What is the movement of energy towards the higher trophic levels and its distribution and loss as heat to the lower trop…