Discuss advantages and disadvantages of production of genetically modified crops.

Advantages: Transgenic plants increase productivity of crops generally by showing resistance against plant pathogens and to some herbicides. They develop crop varieties with added vitamins and minerals. Thus, the GM crops have enhanced nutritional quality and yield. Transgenic crops grow well in saline soil and show salt tolerance.
Disadvantages: Transgenes in commercial crops can endanger native species. For example, the gene for Bt toxin expressed in pollen might endanger pollinators like honeybees. These crops cause problems in human health by supplying allergens and transfer of antibiotic resistance markers. They cause damage to the natural environment.