The equivalent length is of a column of length L, having both the ends fixed, is

The number of independent equations to be satisfied for static equilibrium in a space structure is

Independent displacement components at each joint of a rigid-jointed plane frame are

Pick up the correct statement from the following:

Maximum shear stress theory for the failure of a material at the elastic limit, is known

Pick up the correct statement applicable to cased columns.

$${\text{P}} = \frac{{4{\pi ^2}{\text{E}}I}}{{{{\text{L}}^2}}}$$   is the equation of Euler's crippling load if

A load W is moving from left to right support on a simply supported beam of span T. The maximum bending moment at 0.4 1 …

The principle of virtual work can be applied to elastic system by considering the virtual work of