What is utilitarianism?

The correct answer is Option 4.

• Utilitarianism is a theory that advocates actions that promote happiness or pleasure and reject actions that cause harm or unhappiness.
• Jeremy Bentham is the founder of utilitarianism.
• Jeremy Bentham also founded Benthamism the utilitarian philosophy.
• Utilitarianism philosophy tries to maximize the greatest good for the number of people.
• Teleology is the explanation of phenomena in terms of the purpose served rather than of the cause by which it arise.
• Deontology is a normative ethical theory that the mortality of an action should be based on whether that action itself is right or wrong under a series of rules, rather than based on the consequences of the action.
• Egoism is an ethical theory that treats self-interest as the foundation of morality.