Which one of the following methods is included in the ‘off-the-job-training’?

__________ propounded the need-based theory of motivation.

Channels of communication in an informal organization is known as

Which one of the following elements is associated with Herzberg’s Model?

__________ flows from the lower-level management to the top level management.

Control by Exception is also known as ________________

_____________ flows from the top-level management to the bottom level management.

_________ is the chain of the superiors existing from the highest authority to the lowest ranks.

_________ process is an interplay of three elements – the leader, the follower and the situation.