The representative fraction of the scale 1cm = 1 kilometer will be

The spiral angle of a transition curve will be given by the equation

The method of measuring distance by pacing is chiefly used in

In precision theodolite traverse for roads and railways, the angular error of closure should not exceed

The box of prismatic compass is made of

Pick up the method of surveying in which field observations and plotting proceed simultaneously from the following

In a closed traverse, sum of south latitudes exceeds the sum of north latitudes and the sum of east departures exceeds t…

All level reading are taken to:

For the construction of highway