Degree of External static indeterminacy of the frame is equal to

alt="Degree of static indeterminacy of the frame is equal to"

The limit strength design of steel structures make use of

Given pin jointed frame is

The percentage reduction of a material from a direct compressive test indicates

Strain energy of a member may be defined as work done on it

A roller support for a space structure

The direction of normal stress is

The shear center may be defined as

At either ends of plane frame, maximum number of possible transverse shear forces, are