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Chapter:
1. What is building? What are basic requirements of a good building?
A building can be defined as a structure mainly consisting of shob and super structure element built over a provided surface area for different use such as residence, education, business and so on. Generally, buildings are constructed in accordance to the building codes and building bye laws of the respective areas. A good building must fulfill following requirements:
- it should be durable in strong enough to with stand the natural and artificial effect.
- it should provide maximum living comfort to the inhabitant.
- it should have enough illumination and enough ventilation.
- It should be free from damness.
- It should be stable to the anticipated loads.
- It should be econonical.
- It should utilise locally available construction material as far as possible.
2.
They are generally of two types:
- Residential buildings
- Commercial buildings
Resedential buildings:
Residential buildings are the buildings that are constructed for the main purpose of habitant. These building mainly include:
- Apartment block
- Townhouse
- Hut
- Dormitory
- Billa
- Igloo
- Duplex
- Bungalow
- House
- Unit
Commercial buildings:
The buildings constructed with the major motive of social and economic benefits falls under the category of commercial building. On the basis of use or application, the commercial building can further categorised as:
- Educational building
- Institutional building
- visitors building
- Assembly building
- Business building
- Governmental buildings
- Industrial building
- Storage building and so on.
3.
The structural system includes:
- Bearing wall system
- Bearing frame system
- Moment resisting frame system
- Dual system
- Cantilever column system
- System not specifically designed for seismic resistance