When height above floor level exceeds about 1.5 m a temporary structure, usually of timber, is erected close to work to provide a safe working platform for workers and to provide limited space for storage of plant and building materials. This temporary Framework is known as scaffolding or simply of scaffold.

Tying-in scaffold can be achieved in different ways: A vertical or horizontal tube, wedged by means of a rebel pn, may be provided in an opening and one of ends of Putlogs maybe coupled with this tube.

Whereas, Putlogs are transverse species which are placed on Ledgers and which are supported on wall at one end. They are at right angle to wall. And Ledgers are horizontal members parallel to wall.

In Flying or horizontal shore arrangement, horizontal supports are given to parallel walls which have become unsafe due to removal or collapse of intermediate building.

In Pit Method, holes are n made in existing wall. The needles with bearing plates and n inserted through this holes are supported on Jack. The pit is excavated and existing foundation is taken up to required level.

Freezing is really adopted, mainly because of two reasons: it is expensive and more time is required for installation of freezing pipes.

Whereas, Transoms are Putlogs, but ir both ends are supported on Ledgers. And, Braces are diagonals cross species fixed on standards.

A Flying shore consists of wall plate, needles, cleats, strut, straining pieces and folding wedges. The flying shore should have a depth of not less than 1/13th of clear span and width should not less than 1/15th of its length.

If standards are not resting on firm ground, base plates of suitable size should be provided at ir bottom ends. Furr, if required, Timber sole plate should be provided on which all base plates rest.

Trestle scaffolding is useful for minor repairs on painting work inside room and maximum height of to reach this type of scaffolding can be adopted is about 5 metre from supporting surface.