The method of leveling in which the heights of mountains are found by observing the temperature at which water boils is known as ............

In chain surveying field work is limited to ............

Pick up the odd instrument ............

Prolongation of chain line across an obstruction chain surveying, is done by ............

In leveling operation ............

A pass or a saddle in a mountainous region ............

To avoid large centering error with very short legs, observations are generally made ............

Perpendicular offset from a tangent to the junction of a transition curve and circular curve is equal to ............

Measuring with a 30 m chain, 0.01 m too short, introduces ............