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Chapter:

hydrostatic-forces-on-surfaces

1. A rectangular tank is moving horizontally in direction of its length with a constant acceleration of 5.5 m/s². The length of tank is 5.5 m and depth is 2 m. If tank is open at top n calculate minimum pressure intensity at bottom.

3.8 N/cm² 1.9 N/cm² 5.7 N/cm² 2.6 N/cm²

1.9 N/cm²

tan?=a/g
tan?=5.5/9.8
?=29.28?
h= d-(L/2)tan?
= 2-2.75 tan29.28
= 3.21 m

p=?*g*h
=1.9 N/cm².

Hint Answer

2. A square lamina (each side equal to 2m) with a central hole of diameter 1m is submerged vertically in water such that upper edge of lamina is at a depth of 0.5 m from free surface. What will be total water pressure (in kN) on lamina?

$A square lamina (each side equal to 2m) with a central hole of diameter 1m is submerged vertically in water such that upper edge of lamina is at a depth of 0.5 m from free surface. What will be total water pressure (in kN) on lamina?\r\n \r\n$

15.77 31.54 47.31 63.08

47.31

Total liquid pressure on lamina = F = ?yA, where ? = specific weight of liquid, y = depth of centroid of lamina from free surface, A= area of centroid. Now, ? = 9:81 * 10³ N / m³; y = 0.5 + ¹ ? ₂ * 2m = 1.5 m, A = 2 * 2 ? ^? ? ₄ * 1² m² = 3.215 m² Hence, F = 47.31 kN.

Hint Answer

3. Find total pressure on a circular plate of diameter 3 m immersed in a fluid of specific gravity 0.75 at a depth of 5 m from surface on a planet having acceleration dueto gravity 7 m/s².

18.5 N/cm² 37 N/cm² 9.25 N/cm² None of the mentioned

18.5 N/cm²

Total pressure, F=w*a*y
=7*750*?*1.5*1.5*5
=18.5 N/cm².

Hint Answer

4. The highest and lowest vertices of a diagonal of a square lamina (each side equal to 4m) are 1 m and 3 m respectively as shown. What will be water force (in kN) on lamina?

$The highest and lowest vertices of a diagonal of a square lamina (each side equal to 4m) are 1 m and 3 m respectively as shown. What will be water force (in kN) on lamina?\r\n \r\n$

78 118 157 196

157

Total liquid pressure on lamina = F = ?yA, where ? = specific weight of liquid, y = depth of centroid of lamina from free surface, A= area of centroid. Now, ? = 9.81 * 10³ N / m³; y = 1 + 3 ? 1 / 2 = 2m, each side of lamina =

$The highest and lowest vertices of a diagonal of a square lamina (each side equal to 4m) are 1 m and 3 m respectively as shown. What will be water force (in kN) on lamina?\r\n \r\n$

Hence, F = 156:96 kN.

Hint Answer

5. A large tank of height h is filled with a liquid of density ρ. A similar tank is half-filled with this liquid and or-halffilled with anor liquid of density 2ρ as shown. What will be ratio of instantaneous velocities of discharge through a small opening at base of tanks? (assume that diameter of opening is negligible compared to height of liquid column in eir of tanks)

$A large tank of height h is filled with a liquid of density ρ. A similar tank is half-filled with this liquid and or-halffi lled with anor liquid of density 2ρ as shown. What will be ratio of instantaneous velocities of discharge through a small opening at base of tanks? (assume that diameter of opening is negligible compared to height of liquid column in eir of tanks)\r\n \r\n$

2 : 3 2 : √3 √2 : 3 √2 : √3

√2 : √3

Instantaneous velocity of discharge

$A large tank of height h is filled with a liquid of density ?. A similar tank is half-filled with this liquid and or-halffi lled with anor liquid of density 2? as shown. What will be ratio of instantaneous velocities of discharge through a small opening at base of tanks? (assume that diameter of opening is negligible compared to height of liquid column in eir of tanks)\r\n \r\n$

where h= height of liquid column.

Hint Answer

6. If tank is moving vertically, which of its component is subjected to maximum total pressure?

Lower part of vertical walls Higher part of vertical walls Base None of the mentioned

Base

Base bores direct pressure.

Hint Answer

7. For an inclined plate pressure intensity at every point differs.

True False

True

Due to inclination depth of every point is different from free liquid surface. Hence, pressure intensity varies with depth.

Hint Answer

8. By what factor will hydrostatic force on one of vertical sides of a beaker decrease if height of liquid column is halved?

¹ ⁄ ₂ ¹ ⁄ ₃ ¹ ⁄ ₄ ² ⁄ ₃

¹ ⁄ ₄

Hydrostatic force per unit width on a vertical side of a beaker = ¹ ? ₂ * ?gh², where ? = density of liquid and h= height of liquid column. Thus, if liquid column is halved, hydrostatic force on vertical face will become one-fourth.

Hint Answer

9. A gate of length 5 m is hinged at A as shown to support a water column of height 2.5 m. What should be minimum mass per unit width of gate to keep it closed?

$A gate of length 5 m is hinged at A as shown to support a water column of height 2.5 m. What should be minimum mass per unit width of gate to keep it closed?\r\n \r\n$

3608 4811 7217 9622

9622

To keep gate closed, moment due to weight of gate should be balanced by moment due to hydrostatic force.

$A gate of length 5 m is hinged at A as shown to support a water column of height 2.5 m. What should be minimum mass per unit width of gate to keep it closed?\r\n \r\n$

where m = mass of plate, ? = angle of inclination to horizontal, F_hyd = hydrostatic force on
plate, x = distance of point of action of F_hyd from hinge point = ²?₃ * 5 = ¹⁰?₃

Hint Answer

10. For an inclined plane for which position, maximum total pressure acts on it.

Horizontal Vertical Inclined None of the mentioned

Vertical

Total pressure, F=w*a*?=w*A*(y+dsin?)
For vertical plate, ?=90?
Hence, total pressure is maximum.

Hint Answer

Nexttt

All Chapters

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Properties of Fluids

Properties of Fluids

Pressure and Its Measurement

Pressure and Its Measurement

Hydrostatic Forces on Surfaces

Hydrostatic Forces on Surfaces

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Buoyancy and Floatation

Kinematics of Flow and Ideal Flow

Kinematics of Flow and Ideal Flow

Fluid Dynamics

Orifices, Mouthpieces, Notches and Weirs

Orifices, Mouthpieces, Notches and Weirs

Viscous Flow & Turbulent Flow

Viscous Flow & Turbulent Flow

Flow Through Pipes

Flow Through Pipes

Indicator Diagrams

Indicator Diagrams

Dimensional and Model Analysis

Dimensional and Model Analysis

Boundary Layer Flow & Forces on Sub-merged Bodies

Boundary Layer Flow & Forces on Sub-merged Bodies

Compressible Flow

Compressible Flow

Flow in Open Channels

Flow in Open Channels

Non Uniform Flow in Channels

Non Uniform Flow in Channels

Impact of Jets and Jet Propulsion

Impact of Jets and Jet Propulsion

Topics

This Chapter hydrostatic-forces-on-surfaces consists of the following topics

Hydrostatic Forces on Surfaces

A rectangular tank is moving horizontally in direction of its length with a constant acceleration of 5.5 m/s². The length of tank is 5.5 m and depth is 2 m. If tank is open at top n calculate minimum pressure intensity at bottom.

A square lamina (each side equal to 2m) with a central hole of diameter 1m is submerged vertically in water such that upper edge of lamina is at a depth of 0.5 m from free surface. What will be total water pressure (in kN) on lamina?

$A square lamina (each side equal to 2m) with a central hole of diameter 1m is submerged vertically in water such that upper edge of lamina is at a depth of 0.5 m from free surface. What will be total water pressure (in kN) on lamina?\r\n \r\n$

;

Find total pressure on a circular plate of diameter 3 m immersed in a fluid of specific gravity 0.75 at a depth of 5 m from surface on a planet having acceleration dueto gravity 7 m/s².

The highest and lowest vertices of a diagonal of a square lamina (each side equal to 4m) are 1 m and 3 m respectively as shown. What will be water force (in kN) on lamina?

$The highest and lowest vertices of a diagonal of a square lamina (each side equal to 4m) are 1 m and 3 m respectively as shown. What will be water force (in kN) on lamina?\r\n \r\n$

;

A large tank of height h is filled with a liquid of density ρ. A similar tank is half-filled with this liquid and or-halffilled with anor liquid of density 2ρ as shown. What will be ratio of instantaneous velocities of discharge through a small opening at base of tanks? (assume that diameter of opening is negligible compared to height of liquid column in eir of tanks)

$A large tank of height h is filled with a liquid of density ρ. A similar tank is half-filled with this liquid and or-halffi lled with anor liquid of density 2ρ as shown. What will be ratio of instantaneous velocities of discharge through a small opening at base of tanks? (assume that diameter of opening is negligible compared to height of liquid column in eir of tanks)\r\n \r\n$

;

If tank is moving vertically, which of its component is subjected to maximum total pressure?

For an inclined plate pressure intensity at every point differs.

By what factor will hydrostatic force on one of vertical sides of a beaker decrease if height of liquid column is halved?

A gate of length 5 m is hinged at A as shown to support a water column of height 2.5 m. What should be minimum mass per unit width of gate to keep it closed?

$A gate of length 5 m is hinged at A as shown to support a water column of height 2.5 m. What should be minimum mass per unit width of gate to keep it closed?\r\n \r\n$

;

For an inclined plane for which position, maximum total pressure acts on it.

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