Die angle influence drawing force and quality of drawn products. Die angle should be kept appropriate for better surface finish.

Operations that induce shape changes on workpiece by plastic deformation under forces applied by various tools and dies are termed as plastic deformation processes. Plastic deformation of metals below recrystallization temperature is known as cold working and plastic deformation carried above recrystallization temperature is termed as hot working.

Notching is a shearing process during which a metal scrap piece is removed from outside edge of a metal workpiece. Notching is typically a manually operated, low-production process.

Seams, cracks and laps are defect, which arises due to improper forging method.

In hydrostatic extrusion process fluid medium is used to apply load on billet. As hydro stands for fluid and static for rest.

A special type, skew rolling is used to manufacture milling steel ball, bearing ball blanks.

Blow holes and porosities can be eliminated at high temperature, thus in hot working process.

As thickness of sheet is increased clearance needed will also increase. Clearance needed is directly proportional to thickness of sheet.

In case of open die forging, lower material utilization, machining of final shape is necessary, slow production rate, low lead times, commonly used for one-offs and high usage of skilled labour.

There are two kinds of mode of analyses i. analytical numerical methods, ii. empirical methods. The methods such as elementary ory (slab method), slip line field ory, finite element method (FEM), finite difference method (FDM) and upper & lower bound method are types of analytical numerical methods. Similarity ory and visco-plastic method are of empirical methods.