The unit lpcd stands for litres per capita per day and gpcd stands for gallons per capita per day. 40 lpcd indicates minimum water usage for places like kids play home and schools. 700 lpcd is for hospitals.

Many kinds of pumps are used in distribution system. Pumps that lift surface water and move it to a nearby treatment plant are called low-lift pumps. Pumps that discharge treated water into arterial mains are called high-lift pumps.

Dry wear flow depends on type of area served, rate of water supply, population growth, infiltration of groundwater. Design of sewer system is to determine size of a sewer system in peak conditions. It has nothing to do with factors responsible for dry wear flow.

Conservancy system is an old system in which various types of wastes such as night soil, garbage, etc. are collected separately in vessels and deposited in pools or pits and n removed periodically once in 24 hours.

Yellow water refers to wastewater containing only feces. Black water is wastewater from bathrooms and toilets. Wastewater generally refers to water that cannot be used or water produced out of various uses.

The rate of usage of water depends on population of a city of a country. Sewage generation in terms depends on water usage. Different cities use quantity of water based on ir needs. Hence sewage flow rates vary by source and with a time of day, season of year and so on.

For public health as well as for environment economic benefits of society of managing human excreta are considerable. For every US$ 1 spent on sanitation, estimated return to society is US$ 5.5.

The place and criteria for disposal of waste play a major role. It should be off sight of people so it doesn?t cause displease for vision and it must not be accessible for children and household pets with respect to health aspects.

As population increases rate of water consumption also increases which leads to direct increase in sanitary sewage. This also increases water demand. Hence quantity of sanitary sewage directly depends on population.

Pumps are used in a variety of infrastructure systems such as supply of water to canals, drainage of low lying land, etc. Pumping stations are facilities including pumps and equipment for such activities.