The degradation of Biological Oxygen Demand is classified as First Order Reaction. r_L =? k_LL. This is equation that depicts degradation of BOD. Here r_L represents rate of reaction, k_L represents coefficient of rate of degradation of BOD and L represents BOD concentration.

In desalination/ reverse osmosis, flux is termed as volumetric flux. The material moving across membrane is measured in terms of volume. The corresponding flux is termed as volumetric flux.

Photocatalysis is combination of using a photocatalyst and UV or visible light for treatment of wastewaters and gaseous pollutants. When illuminating a photocatalyst using UV or visible light, various organic compounds can be oxidized and mineralized at photocatalyst surface or oxidized in solution ambient and atmospheric condition.

Two-fold and ten-fold serial dilutions are commonly used to titer antibodies or prepare diluted analytes. Serial dilutions are often performed when titering antibodies or when generating amplified dilutions.

Temperature limits rate of reaction in case of both Moving bed bioreactor and Activated Sludge Process. As temperature increases rate of reaction increases. But beyond a value of temperature rate decreases, as enzymes present in bacteria get deactivated.

An injection well is a device that places fluid deep underground into porous rock formations, such as sandstone or limestone, or into or below shallow soil layer. The fluid may be chemicals mixed with water, wastewater, etc.

In a running polluted stream exposed to atmosphere, deoxygenation as well as reoxygenation goes hand in hand. If deoxygenation is more rapid than reoxygenation, oxygen depletes.

Both nitrogen and phosphorus are essential nutrients for growth. These nutrients can lead to growth of undesirable aquatic life. Their biological stabilization can lead to depletion of natural oxygen resources and to development of septic conditions.

Operating diagrams are used to analyse amount of extraction phase for treatment. For example, in case of adsorption activated carbon amount is calculated from V/M slope. It was found that at greater V/M slope value treatment is feasible.

The activity coefficient of a solution consisting of monovalent ions would be close to 1. For water supplies usually, ionic strength is <5millimole/L. The Davies Equation is used to calculate activity for concentrated solutions <0.1 M.