Trash pumps are a type of submersible centrifugal pump designed to handle rocks and or solids while dewatering. It is used in dewatering construction sites, mines, and utility pits.

Multistage Pumps have two/more impellers and a corresponding number of volute cases. Since re are multiple volute cases pressure obtained is more than that obtained by a single stage pump. However, volume of fluid handled remains constant in both cases.

The construction of turbine pumps enables to handle clean water. Line shaft turbine pump has been used t0 draw water from deep wells. In case effluent has to be pumped back as service water n Vertical Turbine pumps are apt for same application.

Inverted siphons are used to pass on obstacles such as buried pipes, subways, etc. This terminology ?siphon? is misnomer as re is no siphon action in depressed sewer.

Screw Pumps utilize intermeshing screws driven by timing gears in order to move viscous liquids. These pumps are used to pump thick liquids. Hence it is suitable to handle sludge.

The manholes having a depth of 0.7-0.9 m are called shallow manholes. The manholes having a depth of 1.5 m are called normal manholes. The manholes having depth greater than 1.5 m are called deep manholes.

Cryogenic pumps are used to handle very low temperature liquids. Booster pumps are used to furr boost pressure in a system. Drum pumps are used to pump out small quantities of liquid of out of drums and carboys.

To reduce expenses, pumps must have a high degree of efficiency and must be maintained properly. To guarantee safe water quality, cross connection of drinking water and waste removal systems must be avoided.

A positive displacement pump alternately fills a cavity and n displaces a given volume of liquid. For each cycle, this pump delivers a constant volume of liquid independent of discharge pressure or head.

As pressure increases head too increases. Similarly sp. Gravity is inversely proportional. This formula holds good when head is measured at psig.