Explanation:

Flocculent Structures

• These are found in soils having a size of less than 0.0002 mm.
• The fine particles are mostly flaky, platelets, and not spherical, and contain surface electric charges.
• The formation of se soils is due to surface electric force and not due to gravity force.
• It enclosed a large volume of voids.
• It has high sensitivity which is disturbed when soil is remolded and thus converted into a Dispersed structure.
• In this clay particles connect edge to edge or edge to face.

Additional InformationSingle grained soil

• It is found in soils having a size great than 0.02 mm.
• The major force is gravity force, and surface electric force is negligible.
• For example-gravels and sands.

?Honeycomb structures

• It is found in soils having sizes of 0.02 mm to 0.002 mm.
• Gravity force and surface electric force both play a role in formation.
• These soils enclosed a large volume of voids.
• The adhesive forces hold particles toger.
• When structure unbroken such soils may have ability to bear high load, but once structure destroys, load-bearing capacity reduces suddenly.
• For example- silt. ?

The silicon sheet is represented by trapezoidal symbol, representing oxygen basal layer and hydroxyl apex layer.

The kaolinite structural unit is made up of gibbsite sheet with aluminum atoms at ir centers.

The ionic bond occurs by exchange of electron in union of ions which make it stronger.

As re is an exchange of electrons between soil particles in an ionic pond, it is also called a ionic bond.

The particles of coarse-grained soils are sometimes called as bulky particles and se do not possess plasticity and cohesion. Their behaviour is primarily governed by gravitational forces and mass energy rar than colloidal forces.

The cation may be entirely balanced by particle charge so that re is no cation-cation repulsion.

In silica tetrahedral unit, four oxygen or hydroxyls have configuration of tetra hadron.

Coarse-grained particle is usually made of primary minerals.

Clay is generally made of small particles of eir a book of sheets like units (or) bundle of tubes or fibers.