The formation of sperms in testis is called as spermatogenesis. It involves  following steps:
(1) Multiplication phase: In this phase, cells of generative layer known as germ cells divide and redivide through mitosis to produce spermatogonia.
(2) Growth phase: In this phase, spermatogonia grow in size, and now it is known as  Primary spermatocytes.
(3) Maturation phase: In this phase primary spermatocyte divides by meiosis to produce four haploid spermatids. 

A polar body is a small haploid cell that is formed concomitantly as an egg cell during oogenesis, but which generally does not have ability to be fertilized. When certain diploid cells in animals undergo cytokinesis after meiosis to produce egg cells, y sometimes divide unevenly. Most of cytoplasm is segregated into one daughter cell, which becomes egg or ovum, while smaller polar bodies only get a small amount of cytoplasm. They frequently die (apoptosis) and disappear, but in some cases, y remain and can be important in life cycle of organism.