Tensile strength can be found out using empirical formula, \(f_{cr}=0.7\sqrt{f_{ck}}\). The compressive strength can be found as load per area of specimen. So, compressive strength can be found as
\(f_{ck}=\frac{700}{150×150}=0.0311 kN/mm^2? 31.11 N/mm^2\)
\(f_{cr}=0.7\sqrt{f_{ck}}=0.7×\sqrt{31.11}=3.9 N/mm^2\)
The compressive strength for pavement is obtained as 31.11 N/mm² and flexural strength as 3.9 N/mm². As per IRC, minimum grade of concrete for rigid pavement is M40, having 40 N/mm² compressive strength and 4.42 N/mm² flexural (tensile) strength. So, sample cannot be used for PQC.

Density and stability are two important features that are used in Marshall mix design procedure. Density is checked using void analysis and stability using flow test.

As per IS 1202:1978, re are two methods to determine specific gravity of bitumen. The first method is using a pycnometer and second one is using a balance beam method. The descriptions for both are given in code.

Sulphate attack is due to reaction of sulphates with free calcium hydroxides and aluminates present in mix. These tend to form crystals and insoluble compounds; hence volume of concrete increases and it is prone to cracking.

E=5000\(\sqrt{f_{ck}}\) is formula as per ACI (American Concrete Institute) 318-14 for normal weight concrete. E=4500\(\sqrt{f_{ck}}\) is according to Canadian Standard Association and E=5000\(\sqrt{f_{ck}}\) is as per Indian Standard code.

Maturity is term used to relate three parameters of concrete ? strength, time and temperature. A graph is plotted between strength gain and time-temperature and it is called maturity curve. Maturity is an index value.

Briquette mould is metallic and can be split into two halves. Bitumen is filled in mould after it is fixed properly. Block mould is made of silicone and can be used for casting items. Urethane mould and latex mould can be used for casting concrete or plastic.

FSI stands for Free swell index. It is a way to judge index properties pf subgrade soil. Free swell index gives an idea of increase in volume of soil when it is submerged in water and has no or external constraints.

Flakiness index is percentage by weight of aggregate pieces, least dimension of which is less than 0.6 of ir mean dimension. There is a thickness gauge available for finding flakiness index.

When soil is compacted, soil particles come closer and density increase. The water deficiency of soil hence increases and due to this, swelling of soil mass decreases.