Gauging trowel has a pointed or bull nosed end. Whereas, Laying trowel is used to spread mortar on surface. It is made of thin tempered Steel.

Formation of white crystalline substance that appears on surface due to presence of salts in materials used for making plaster is called efflorescence. It results in a very poor and unpleasing appearance. It can be removed by washing surface repeatedly.

It is desirable to avoid pointing as far as possible. This is due to fact that pointing involve Raking out of joints which are constructed with a good motor and filling joints with motor which, in many cases, is not sufficiently watered.

Wooden strips fixed to surface on which first coat of plaster is applied are called grounds. Such a surface is called background. The function of se strips is to secure primary finishing.

Blistering of plastered surface is seen in small patches swell out beyond plane of Plastered surface and also it is seen in particularly in case of plastered surfaces inside building.

The laying trowel is made of thin tempered steel. It is used for applying plaster material and for troweling in order to get desired finish.

The quantity of Gugal is about 16 Newton per metre cube of Mortar. The Gugal is boiled with enough quantity of fresh water before it is mixed with lime mortar.

The given figure represents plumb rule. It is a tool which is used to check verticality of walls.

Hence, Gypsum plaster is used as an insulating material to protect wood or metal columns and beams from high temperatures. It is light in weight. To decrease weight, fillers such as saw dust, wood shaving, etc. may be added to it.

In rough cast finish, mortar for final coat has ratio 1 : 3/2 : 3 (cement : sand : aggregate). Here, size of coarse aggregate varies from 3mm to 12 mm. A large trowel is used to dash mortar against prepared plastered surface.