Pile method is useful in clayey soils and for waterlogged areas and for walls carrying heavy loads. For underpinning very light structures, piles are driven along structure and n brackets or cantilever needles are provided to carry structure.

But when distance is between 9 m to 12 m, a Compound or Double Flying shore is provided. It should be seen that both horizontal shores are symmetrical placed with respect to floor levels.

A Raking shore or Inclined shore consists of a wall plate, needles, plates, cleats, bracing and sole plate. The wall plate is placed against wall and is secured by means of needles which penetrate into wall for a distance of about 150 mm. The wall plate distributes pressure evenly.

Here, cost of consolidation depends on nature of soil, depth of consolidation, site of work, etc. In this method, soil under existing footing is consolidated by using Chemicals. The chemical reaction takes place between two chemicals and hence soil is consolidated.

In vertical shores, folding wedges, sole plate, dogs and braces are used. A Raking shore may be provided as an additional safety especially in case of weak walls.

In Suspended scaffolding, working platform is suspended from roof by means of ropes, wires or chains and arrangements are made such that platform can be raised or lowered. This type of scaffolding does not create any obstruction on ground and it is most effective as it always provides optimum level for working.

In Cantilever scaffolding or Needle scaffolding, general Framework maybe of single scaffolding type or of double scaffolding type. Thus but standards are supported by a series of needles or ties which are taken out at floor level or through opening or through hole kept in masonry.

Following are situations demanding underpinning: A building with deep Foundation is to be constructed at joint to an existing building; The settlement of existing Foundation has taken placed, resulting in serious cracks in wall; The basement is to be provided to an existing building.

Toe board is provided to work as a protective measure on working platform. Whereas, Guard rail is a rail provided like a Ledger at working level.

Vibroflotation increases density of soil which ultimately results in increase of bearing capacity of soil. This method is useful for granular or sandy soil and before processing of underpinning start, building or any of its structure components is shored carefully.